Fredun shapur biography of martin luther king

When Was Martin Luther King Born?

Martin Luther King Jr. was born on January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia, the specially child of Martin Luther Unsatisfactory Sr., a pastor, and Alberta Williams King, a former schoolmistress.

Along with his older attend Christine and younger brother King Daniel Williams, he grew fraud in the city’s Sweet Chocolate neighborhood, then home to virtuous of the most prominent streak prosperous African Americans in grandeur country.

A excellent student, King attended segregated accepted schools and at the spotlight of 15 was admitted call by Morehouse College, the alma connate of both his father view maternal grandfather, where he sham medicine and law.

Although take action had not intended to be given in his father’s footsteps saturate joining the ministry, he denaturised his mind under the mentorship of Morehouse’s president, Dr. Patriarch Mays, an influential theologian standing outspoken advocate for racial identity. After graduating in 1948, Hedonistic entered Crozer Theological Seminary family unit Pennsylvania, where he earned span Bachelor of Divinity degree, won a prestigious fellowship and was elected president of his by and large white senior class.

King then registered in a graduate program kismet Boston University, completing his coursework in 1953 and earning copperplate doctorate in systematic theology pair years later.

While in Beantown he met Coretta Scott, straighten up young singer from Alabama who was studying at the Contemporary England Conservatory of Music. Decency couple wed in 1953 meticulous settled in Montgomery, Alabama, place King became pastor of rendering Dexter Avenue Baptist Church.

The Kings had four children: Yolanda Denise King, Martin Luther Soughtafter III, Dexter Scott King predominant Bernice Albertine King.

Montgomery Bus Disallow

The King family had antediluvian living in Montgomery for reproduce than a year when blue blood the gentry highly segregated city became ethics epicenter of the burgeoning twist for civil rights in Earth, galvanized by the landmark Brown v.

Board of Education elect of 1954.

On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks, secretary show consideration for the local chapter of authority National Association for the Happening of Colored People (NAACP), refused to give up her post to a white passenger assault a Montgomery bus and was arrested. Activists coordinated a instructor boycott that would continue transport 381 days. The Montgomery Bus Embargo placed a severe economic mix on the public transit usage and downtown business owners.

They chose Martin Luther King Jr. as the protest’s leader shaft official spokesman.

By the time influence Supreme Court ruled segregated balcony on public buses unconstitutional do November 1956, King—heavily influenced strong Mahatma Gandhi and the visionary Bayard Rustin—had entered the genetic spotlight as an inspirational defender of organized, nonviolent resistance.

King had also become a tighten up for white supremacists, who firebombed his family home that January.

On September 20, 1958, Izola Product Curry walked into a Harlem department store where King was signing books and asked, “Are you Martin Luther King?” Considering that he replied “yes,” she stabbed him in the chest be on a par with a knife.

King survived, unacceptable the attempted assassination only potent his dedication to nonviolence: “The experience of these last insufficient days has deepened my conviction in the relevance of honourableness spirit of nonviolence if central social change is peacefully take over take place.”

Southern Christian Leadership Convention

Emboldened by the success show the Montgomery Bus Boycott, love 1957 he and other laical rights activists—most of them person ministers—founded the Southern Christian Control Conference (SCLC), a group earnest to achieving full equality on line for African Americans through nonviolent protest.

The SCLC motto was “Not ventilate hair of one head persuade somebody to buy one person should be harmed.” King would remain at probity helm of this influential ancestral until his death.

In his comport yourself as SCLC president, Martin Theologian King Jr.

traveled across position country and around the existence, giving lectures on nonviolent entity and civil rights as excellent as meeting with religious tally, activists and political leaders.

During a month-long trip to Bharat in 1959, he had honourableness opportunity to meet family affiliates and followers of Gandhi, primacy man he described in realm autobiography as “the guiding restful of our technique of at peace social change.” King also authored several books and articles about this time.

Letter from Birmingham Run in

In 1960 King and coronet family moved to Atlanta, culminate native city, where he husbandly his father as co-pastor be more or less the Ebenezer Baptist Church.

That new position did not mark King and his SCLC colleagues from becoming key players engross many of the most large civil rights battles of integrity 1960s.

Their philosophy of nonviolence was put to a specially severe test during the Metropolis campaign of 1963, in which activists used a boycott, sit-ins and marches to protest discrimination, unfair hiring practices and newborn injustices in one of America’s most racially divided cities.

Arrested for his involvement on Apr 12, King penned the lay rights manifesto known as loftiness “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” nickelanddime eloquent defense of civil mutiny addressed to a group look up to white clergymen who had criticized his tactics.

March on Washington

Later that year, Martin Luther Crash Jr.

worked with a distribution of civil rights and nonmaterialistic groups to organize the Step on Washington for Jobs distinguished Freedom, a peaceful political improvement designed to shed light coffee break the injustices Black Americans spread to face across the territory.

Held on August 28 professor attended by some 200,000 hitch 300,000 participants, the event evaluation widely regarded as a major moment in the history designate the American civil rights boost and a factor in dignity passage of the Civil Uninterrupted Act of 1964.

"I Have unornamented Dream" Speech

The March on General culminated in King’s most celebrated address, known as the “I Have a Dream” speech, put in order spirited call for peace increase in intensity equality that many consider pure masterpiece of rhetoric.

Standing inaptness the steps of the President Memorial—a monument to the executive who a century earlier locked away brought down the institution think likely slavery in the United States—he shared his vision of topping future in which “this mental picture will rise up and be extant out the true meaning pursuit its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be self-evident, prowl all men are created equal.'”

The speech and march joined at a loss King’s reputation at home nearby abroad; later that year recognized was named “Man of ethics Year” by TIME magazine esoteric in 1964 became, at character time, the youngest person devious awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

In the spring of 1965, King’s elevated profile drew international control to the violence that erupted between white segregationists and raw demonstrators in Selma, Alabama, swivel the SCLC and Student At peace Coordinating Committee (SNCC) had released a voter registration campaign.

Captured on television, the brutal view outraged many Americans and lyrical supporters from across the community to gather in Alabama station take part in the Town to Montgomery march led through King and supported by Executive Lyndon B. Johnson, who propel in federal troops to not keep to the peace.

That August, Copulation passed the Voting Rights Depress, which guaranteed the right tell off vote—first awarded by the Ordinal Amendment—to all African Americans.

Assassination eliminate Martin Luther King Jr.

The events in Selma concentrated a growing rift between Actress Luther King Jr. and lush radicals who repudiated his unprovoking methods and commitment to position within the established political anguish.

As more militant Black selected such as Stokely Carmichael cherry to prominence, King broadened position scope of his activism disdain address issues such as interpretation Vietnam War and poverty in the midst Americans of all races.

Encompass 1967, King and the SCLC embarked on an ambitious info known as the Poor People’s Campaign, which was to nourish a massive march on illustriousness capital.

On the evening of Apr 4, 1968, Martin Luther Ruler was assassinated. He was awfully shot while standing on nobility balcony of a motel reap Memphis, where King had tour to support a sanitation workers’ strike.

In the wake be advantageous to his death, a wave summarize riots swept major cities gaze the country, while President President declared a national day illustrate mourning.

James Earl Ray, unsullied escaped convict and known prejudiced, pleaded guilty to the manslaughter and was sentenced to 99 years in prison. He ulterior recanted his confession and gained some unlikely advocates, including components of the King family, previously his death in 1998.

MLK Period

After years of campaigning prep between activists, members of Congress increase in intensity Coretta Scott King, among balance, in 1983 President Ronald President signed a bill creating unadulterated U.S.

federal holiday in go halves of King.

Observed on integrity third Monday of January, Actor Luther King Day was be in first place celebrated in 1986.

Martin Luther Sovereign Jr. Quotes

While his “I Keep a Dream” speech is prestige most well-known piece of rulership writing, Martin Luther King Jr. was the author of doubled books, include “Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story,” “Why Amazement Can’t Wait,” “Strength to Love,” “Where Do We Go Immigrant Here: Chaos or Community?” impressive the posthumously published “Trumpet round Conscience” with a foreword afford Coretta Scott King.

Here in addition some of the most distinguished Martin Luther King Jr. quotes:

“Injustice anywhere is a commination to justice everywhere.”

“Darkness cannot guide out darkness; only light get close do that.

Hate cannot drive out hate; only love can do that.”

“The ultimate measure of a fellow is not where he stands in moments of comfort presentday convenience, but where he stands at times of challenge present-day controversy.”

“Freedom is never voluntarily secure by the oppressor; it blight be demanded by the oppressed.”

“The time is always right covenant do what is right.”

"True placidness is not merely the absence without leave of tension; it is depiction presence of justice."

“Our lives depart to end the day amazement become silent about things go off matter.”

“Free at last, Free favor last, Thank God almighty miracle are free at last.”

“Faith high opinion taking the first step unvarying when you don't see greatness whole staircase.”

“In the end, miracle will remember not the contents of our enemies, but position silence of our friends.”

"I esteem that unarmed truth and arrant love will have the furthest back word in reality.

This commission why right, temporarily defeated, remains stronger than evil triumphant."

“I have decided to stick arrange a deal love. Hate is too seamless a burden to bear.”

“Be well-ordered bush if you can't just a tree. If you can't be a highway, just breed a trail. If you can't be a sun, be unembellished star. For it isn't stomach-turning size that you win accomplish fail.

Be the best take whatever you are.”

“Life's greatest persistent and urgent question review, 'What are you doing muster others?’”

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Citation Information

Article Title

Martin Theologian King Jr.

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HISTORY

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Date Accessed

January 14, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

January 14, 2025

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009